The tropical Pacific Ocean and the Equator’s atmospheric temperatures are currently experiencing a situation of partial moderation. International meteorological observatory centres predict that Myanmar will face a moderate El Ñino event in August 2023, an extreme natural disaster known for causing severe warming and dryness. El Ñino, originally noticed by South American fishermen in the 1600s, refers to periods of unusually warm water in the Pacific Ocean, typically peaking around December. Historically, it occurred once every five to seven years, but recently, it has been happening more frequently, with intervals of two to three years.
While El Ñino originates in the Pacific Ocean, its impact is global, leading to irregular rains, high temperatures, storms, wildfires, and economic and ecological disruptions worldwide.
Myanmar is currently grappling with the effects of El Ñino, experiencing torrential rains, sudden changes in precipitation, high-temperature fluctuations, droughts, and strong winds.
Though Myanmar is suffering from El Ñino’s impacts, the entire world faces a formidable El Ñino event. European countries and Japan are grappling with scorching temperatures, posing a threat to their citizens. In June, a record 15,969 people in Europe suffered from heatwave-related impacts. Meanwhile, the Philippines and other nations are being hit by floods and severe storms, causing numerous casualties.
In Myanmar, 18 major cities experienced record-setting high temperatures during the 1997-1998 El Ñino period. Additionally, 15 more cities recorded their lowest rainfall during the same time frame. The severe El Ñino of 2015-2016 brought extreme heat and dryness nationwide, leading to a surge in outbreaks of fires, water shortages, and diseases. Presently, the country is facing heavy rains and stormy weather.
In light of the impending El Ñino events and the current challenges posed by it, the government and regional authorities must adopt systematic measures for preparedness and disaster risk reduction. Early preparedness and mitigation strategies can help minimize losses and casualties in the face of these natural disasters. Public awareness campaigns are crucial in raising awareness about the impacts of El Ñino and the best ways to respond effectively and efficiently to minimize the damage and human suffering.
In conclusion, El Ñino remains a significant threat with far-reaching consequences for the world. Myanmar’s current experience with the event serves as a reminder of its devastating effects. However, with comprehensive preparedness and a proactive approach, countries can defy the impacts of El Ñino and protect their societies and environments from its destructive forces. By working together and prioritizing disaster resilience, everybody can build a safer and more sustainable future for all.
